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Screening and Diagnosis.

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Acute and Recent HIV InfectionQuestion 7/10

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A 29-year-old cisgender woman is newly diagnosed with early HIV infection. She is believed to have acquired HIV approximately 6 weeks prior from a male partner. She has a new male partner, but they have not yet had sex. You are discussing starting treatment and she is asking how likely it is that she will transmit HIV to her new partner.

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding HIV transmission from persons with early HIV infection?

This graphic shows the calculated probabilities for transmission from a male to female over time after initial HIV infection. The model shows the probabilities for males in the 25th (gray), 50th (brown), and 90th (blue) percentile of semen HIV-1 RNA levels.
Figure 1. Calculated Probability of HIV Transmission Over Time
This graphic shows the calculated probabilities for transmission from a male to female over time after initial HIV infection. The model shows the probabilities for males in the 25th (gray), 50th (brown), and 90th (blue) percentile of semen HIV-1 RNA levels.
Source: Pilcher CD, Tien HC, Eron JJ Jr, et al. Brief but efficient: acute HIV infection and the sexual transmission of HIV. J Infect Dis. 2004;189:1785-92.
Figure 2. HIV Transmission Rate Based on Stages in HIV Care Continuum
Source: Li Z, Purcell DW, Sansom SL, Hayes D, Hall HI. Vital Signs: HIV transmission along the continuum of care - United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68:267-72.
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Question Last Updated
September 19th, 2023

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