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Acute and Recent HIV InfectionQuestion 1/10

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Which one of the following describes the typical initial infection event that occurs with sexual transmission of HIV-1?

This image shows multiple HIV particles approaching the mucosal surface, but only one virus sustaining replication. This virus, shown as the purple virion, is known as the 'founder virus'. Following the transmitter/founder virus infection, the initial local replication of HIV consists of a relatively homogenous population of virions.
Figure 1. Founder Virus and HIV Infection
This image shows multiple HIV particles approaching the mucosal surface, but only one virus sustaining replication. This virus, shown as the purple virion, is known as the 'founder virus'. Following the transmitter/founder virus infection, the initial local replication of HIV consists of a relatively homogenous population of virions.
Source: Keele BF, Giorgi EE, Salazar-Gonzalez JF, et al. Identification and characterization of transmitted and early founder virus envelopes in primary HIV-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:7552-7.
Illustration: David H. Spach, MD
With acute HIV, the type of HIV that is transmitted is almost always R5 HIV (as opposed to X4 HIV). The R5 HIV strains first attach to the host CD4 receptor and then bind to the CCR5 coreptor.
Figure 2. R5-Tropic HIV and Host Coreceptor Binding
With acute HIV, the type of HIV that is transmitted is almost always R5 HIV (as opposed to X4 HIV). The R5 HIV strains first attach to the host CD4 receptor and then bind to the CCR5 coreptor.
Illustration: David H. Spach, MD
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Question Last Updated
July 9th, 2024

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