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Ritonavir NorvirPatient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2)
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The PHQ-2 inquires about the frequency of depressed mood and anhedonia over the past two weeks. The PHQ-2 includes the first two items of the PHQ-9.
- The purpose of the PHQ-2 is to screen for depression in a “first-step” approach.
- Patients who screen positive should be further evaluated with the PHQ-9 to determine whether they meet criteria for a depressive disorder.
Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems?
1. Little interest or pleasure in doing things
2. Feeling down, depressed or hopeless
PHQ-2 score obtained by adding score for each question (total points)
Interpretation:
- A PHQ-2 score ranges from 0-6. The authors identified a score of 3 as the optimal cutpoint when using the PHQ-2 to screen for depression.
- If the score is 3 or greater, major depressive disorder is likely.
- Patients who screen positive should be further evaluated with the PHQ-9, other diagnostic instruments, or direct interview to determine whether they meet criteria for a depressive disorder.
Operating Characteristics of PHQ-2 as a Screener for Depressive Disorders in 580 Patients Who Had an Independent Mental Health Professional Interview
| PHQ-2 Score | Sensitivity | Specificity | Positive Predictive Value (PPV*) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 97.6 | 59.2 | 15.4 |
| 2 | 92.7 | 73.7 | 21.1 |
| 3 | 82.9 | 90.0 | 38.4 |
| 4 | 73.2 | 93.3 | 45.4 |
| 5 | 53.7 | 96.8 | 56.4 |
| 6 | 26.8 | 99.4 | 78.6 |
| PHQ-2 Score | Sensitivity | Specificity | Positive Predictive Value (PPV*) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 90.6 | 65.4 | 36.9 |
| 2 | 82.1 | 80.4 | 48.3 |
| 3 | 62.3 | 95.4 | 75.0 |
| 4 | 50.9 | 97.9 | 81.2 |
| 5 | 31.1 | 98.7 | 84.6 |
| 6 | 12.3 | 99.8 | 92.9 |
Notes:
- *Because the PPV varies with the prevalence of depression, the PPV will be higher in settings with a higher prevalence of depression and lower in settings with a lower prevalence.
Sources
Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: Validity of a Two-Item Depression Screener. Medical Care. 2003;41:1284-92.
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