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Lesson 1. HIV in Infants and Children

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HIV in Infants and Children Overview

About this Lesson

Last Updated: February 3rd, 2025

CNE/CME Continuing Education

This lesson qualifies for:
  • 1.5 CME AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™, or
  • 1.5 CNE contact hours and 1.5 CE contact hours (qualifies for pharmacology CE for advanced practice nurses)

CNE and CME Origination: September 17th, 2018
CNE and CME Review: September 1st, 2023
CNE and CME Expiration: August 31st, 2026 (3rd Edition)

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Steps to Acquire CE for this Lesson:

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Score 80%+
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3rd Edition

This is a substantial revision of the original Lesson. The previous edition was titled HIV in Infants and Children and available until September 1st, 2023.

Learning Objectives

  • Discuss basic epidemiologic features of perinatally-acquired HIV and pediatric HIV in the United States
  • Explain the timing and types of diagnostic tests used to diagnose HIV in infants less than 1 year of age and in older children
  • List symptoms and classification of HIV in children using the most recent CDC surveillance case definition for pediatric HIV
  • Summarize antiretroviral therapy management in children, including initiation, adverse effects, and approach to virologic failure
  • Discuss opportunistic infection prevention recommendations for infants and children and how these recommendations are influenced by a child’s age and stage of HIV

Lesson Contributors

Authors

Aley G. Kalapila, MD, PhD
Aley G. Kalapila, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
Emory University School of Medicine
Grady Health System
Disclosures:
None
David H. Spach, MD
David H. Spach, MD
Professor of Medicine
Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases
University of Washington
Disclosures:
None

Reviewers

Ann J Melvin, MD, MPH
Ann J Melvin, MD, MPH
Professor of Pediatrics
Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease
Seattle Children’s Hospital
University of Washington
Disclosures:
Grants to institutions: Merck
The relevant financial relationship was mitigated.

Lesson Plan

1Topic 1 Introduction

2Topic 2 Epidemiology of HIV in Children Younger than Age 13

3Topic 3 Staging of Pediatric HIV Disease

4Topic 4 Diagnosis of HIV in Infants and Children

5Topic 5 Clinical and Laboratory Monitoring

6Topic 6 Antiretroviral Treatment for Children with HIV

7Topic 7 Immunizations for Children Living with HIV

8Topic 8 Opportunistic Infections in Children

9Topic 9 Summary Points

Lesson Quiz HIV in Infants and Children Quiz

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Question Bank

Interactive board-review style questions about Epidemiology of HIV.

CNE/CME CME+MOC credits and CNE contact hours available.

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