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A newborn female infant is brought in for a 1-week follow-up visit with a pediatrician. She was born via cesarean section at 38 weeks gestation to a mother with HIV who had limited prenatal care and was not taking antiretroviral therapy. The mother received intravenous zidovudine just prior to the cesarean section. The infant is receiving a three-drug postexposure prophylaxis antiretroviral regimen for 6-weeks. The infant had a negative HIV nucleic acid test (NAT) at birth.

What is the timing for when additional HIV NAT testing should be performed on this infant?

Abbreviations: NAT= nucleic acid testing
Figure 1. Virologic Testing Schedules for Infants Exposed to HIV by Perinatal HIV Transmission Risk
Abbreviations: NAT= nucleic acid testing
Source: Panel on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of Children Living with HIV. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in pediatric HIV infection. Diagnosis of HIV infection in infants and children. January 31, 2023.
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Question Last Updated
September 26th, 2023

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