Abacavir (Ziagen)

All References

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• Berenguer J, Padilla B, Estrada V, Martin C, Domingo P, Kindelan JM, Ruiz-Guiardin JM. Safety of abacavir therapy after temporary interruptions in patients without hypersensitivity reactions to the drug. AIDS. 2002;16:1299-301.
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• Brothers CH, Hernandez JE, Cutrell AG, et al. Risk of myocardial infarction and abacavir therapy: no increased risk across 52 GlaxoSmithKline-sponsored clinical trials in adult subjects. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;51:20-8.
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• Carr A, Workman C, Smith DE, et al. Abacavir substitution for nucleoside analogs in patients with HIV lipoatrophy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2002;288:207-15.
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• Choi AI, Vittinghoff E, Deeks SG, Weekley CC, Li Y, Shlipak MG. Cardiovascular risks associated with abacavir and tenofovir exposure in HIV-infected persons. AIDS. 2011;25:1289-98.
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• Clay PG. The abacavir hypersensitivity reaction: A review. Clin Ther. 2002;24:1502-14.
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• Cruciani M, Mengoli C, Malena M, et al. Virological efficacy of abacavir: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014;69:3169-80.
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• Cruciani M, Zanichelli V, Serpelloni G, et al. Abacavir use and cardiovascular disease events: a meta-analysis of published and unpublished data. AIDS. 2011;25:1993-2004.
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• Daar ES, Tierney C, Fischl MA, et al. Atazanavir plus ritonavir or efavirenz as part of a 3-drug regimen for initial treatment of HIV-1. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:445-56.
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• de los Santos I, Gómez-Berrocal A, Valencia E, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of darunavir/ritonavir in combination with abacavir/lamivudine: an option in selected HIV-infected patients. HIV Clin Trials. 2013;14:254-9.
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• DeJesus E, Herrera G, Teofilo E, et al. Abacavir versus zidovudine combined with lamivudine and efavirenz, for the treatment of antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:1038-46.
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• Desai M, Joyce V, Bendavid E, et al. Risk of cardiovascular events associated with current exposure to HIV antiretroviral therapies in a US veteran population. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61:445-52.
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• Ding X, Andraca-Carrera E, Cooper C, et al. No association of abacavir use with myocardial infarction: findings of an FDA meta-analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;61:441-7.
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• Dorjee K, Baxi SM, Reingold AL, Hubbard A. Risk of cardiovascular events from current, recent, and cumulative exposure to abacavir among persons living with HIV who were receiving antiretroviral therapy in the United States: a cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2017;17:708.
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• Dorjee K, Choden T, Baxi SM, Steinmaus C, Reingold AL. Risk of cardiovascular disease associated with exposure to abacavir among individuals with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analyses of results from 17 epidemiologic studies. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018;52:541-53.
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• Flandre P, Pugliese P, Allavena C, et al. Comparative risk of failure of ABC/3TC or TDF/FTC based first-line regimens in patients with a high viral load. HIV Med. 2016;17:380-4.
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• Gallant JE, Rodriguez AE, Weinberg WG, et al. Early virologic nonresponse to tenofovir, abacavir, and lamivudine in HIV-infected antiretroviral-naive subjects. J Infect Dis. 2005;192:1921-30.
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• Grant PM, Tierney C, Budhathoki C, et al. Early virologic response to abacavir/lamivudine and tenofovir/emtricitabine during ACTG A5202. HIV Clin Trials. 2013;14:284-91.
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• Guillemi SA, Ling SH, Dahlby JS, et al. Effects of a switch from tenofovir- to abacavir-based antiretroviral therapy, with or without atazanavir, on renal function. J Int AIDS Soc. 2016;19:20995.
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• Hewitt RG. Abacavir hypersensitivity reaction. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:1137-42.
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• Hughes CA, Foisy MM, Dewhurst N, Higgins N, Robinson L, Kelly DV, Lechelt KE. Abacavir hypersensitivity reaction: an update. Ann Pharmacother. 2008;42:387-96.
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• Jesson J, Dahourou DL, Renaud F, Penazzato M, Leroy V. Adverse events associated with abacavir use in HIV-infected children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet HIV. 2016;3:e64-75.
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• Kauf TL, Farkouh RA, Earnshaw SR, Watson ME, Maroudas P, Chambers MG. Economic efficiency of genetic screening to inform the use of abacavir sulfate in the treatment of HIV. Pharmacoeconomics. 2010;28:1025-39.
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• Keiser P, Nassar N, Skiest D, Andrews C, Yazdani B, White A, Hetherington S. Comparison of symptoms of influenza A with abacavir-associated hypersensitivity reaction. Int J STD AIDS. 2003;14:478-81.
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• Lanier ER, Givens N, Stone C, et al. Effect of concurrent zidovudine use on the resistance pathway selected by abacavir-containing regimens. HIV Med. 2004;5:394-9.
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• Lonergan JT, McComsey GA, Fisher RL, et al. Lack of Recurrence of hyperlactatemia in HIV-Infected patients switched from stavudine to abacavir or zidovudine. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004;36:935-42.
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• Ma JD, Lee KC, Kuo GM. HLA-B*5701 testing to predict abacavir hypersensitivity. PLoS Curr. 2010;2:RRN1203.
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• Mallal S, Nolan D, Will C, et al. Association between presence of HLA-B*5701, HLA-DR7, and HLA-DQ3 and hypersensitivity to HIV-1 reverse-transcriptase inhibitor abacavir. Lancet. 2002;359:727-32.
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• Mallal S, Phillips E, Carosi G, et al; PREDICT-1 Study Team. HLA-B*5701 screening for hypersensitivity to abacavir. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:568-79.
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• Marcus JL, Neugebauer RS, Leyden WA, et al. Use of Abacavir and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among HIV-Infected Individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;71:413-9.
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• Martin A, Smith DE, Carr A, et al. Reversibility of lipoatrophy in HIV-infected patients 2 years after switching from a thymidine analogue to abacavir: the MITOX Extension Study. AIDS. 2004;18:1029-36.
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• Martin MA, Kroetz DL. Abacavir pharmacogenetics--from initial reports to standard of care. Pharmacotherapy. 2013;33:765-75.
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• McComsey GA, Kitch D, Daar ES, et al. Bone mineral density and fractures in antiretroviral-naive persons randomized to receive abacavir-lamivudine or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-emtricitabine along with efavirenz or atazanavir-ritonavir: Aids Clinical Trials Group A5224s, a substudy of ACTG A5202. J Infect Dis. 2011;203:1791-801.
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• McComsey GA, Ward DJ, Hessenthaler SM, et al. Improvement in lipoatrophy associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients switched from stavudine to abacavir or zidovudine: the results of the TARHEEL study. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:263-70.
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• Moyle G. Resistance and cross-resistance to abacavir. HIV Med. 2001;2:154-62.
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• Moyle GJ, Dejesus E, Cahn P, et al. Abacavir Once or Twice Daily Combined With Once-Daily Lamivudine and Efavirenz for the Treatment of Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Adults: Results of the Ziagen Once Daily in Antiretroviral Combination Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;38:417-25.
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• Moyle GJ, Orkin C, Fisher M, et al. A randomized comparative trial of continued abacavir/lamivudine plus efavirenz or replacement with efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF in hypercholesterolemic HIV-1 infected individuals. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0116297.
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• Moyle GJ, Sabin CA, Cartledge J, et al. A randomized comparative trial of tenofovir DF or abacavir as replacement for a thymidine analogue in persons with lipoatrophy. AIDS. 2006;20:2043-50.
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• Negredo E, Diez-Pérez A, Bonjoch A, et al. Switching from tenofovir to abacavir in HIV-1-infected patients with low bone mineral density: changes in bone turnover markers and circulating sclerostin levels. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015;70:2104-7.
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• Nishijima T, Komatsu H, Teruya K, et al. Once-daily darunavir/ritonavir and abacavir/lamivudine versus tenofovir/emtricitabine for treatment-naïve patients with a baseline viral load of more than 100 000  copies/ml. AIDS. 2013;27:839-42.
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• Palella FJ Jr, Gange SJ, Benning L, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers and abacavir use in the Women's Interagency HIV Study and the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. AIDS. 2010;24:1657-65.
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• Phillips EJ, Sullivan JR, Knowles SR, Shear NH. Utility of patch testing in patients with hypersensitivity syndromes associated with abacavir. AIDS. 2002;16:2223-5.
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• Phillips EJ, Wong GA, Kaul R, et al. Clinical and immunogenetic correlates of abacavir hypersensitivity. AIDS. 2005;19:979-81.
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• Podzamczer D, Ferrer E, Sanchez P, et al. Less lipoatrophy and better lipid profile with abacavir as compared to stavudine: 96-week results of a randomized study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;44:139-47.
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• Post FA, Moyle GJ, Stellbrink HJ, et al. Randomized comparison of renal effects, efficacy, and safety with once-daily abacavir/lamivudine versus tenofovir/emtricitabine, administered with efavirenz, in antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-infected adults: 48-week results from the ASSERT study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;55:49-57.
  [PubMed Abstract]
• Rasmussen TA, Jensen D, Tolstrup M, et al. Comparison of bone and renal effects in HIV-infected adults switching to abacavir or tenofovir based therapy in a randomized trial. PLoS One. 2012;7:e32445.
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• Rauch A, Nolan D, Martin A, McKinnon E, Almeida C, Mallal S. Prospective genetic screening decreases the incidence of abacavir hypersensitivity reactions in the Western Australian HIV cohort study. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:99-102.
  [PubMed Abstract]
• Ribaudo HJ, Benson CA, Zheng Y, et al. No risk of myocardial infarction associated with initial antiretroviral treatment containing abacavir: short and long-term results from ACTG A5001/ALLRT. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:929-40.
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• Saag M, Balu R, Phillips E, et al. High sensitivity of human leukocyte antigen-b*5701 as a marker for immunologically confirmed abacavir hypersensitivity in white and black patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:1111-8.
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• Saag MS, Sonnerborg A, Torres RA, et al. Antiretroviral effect and safety of abacavir alone and in combination with zidovudine in HIV-infected adults. Abacavir Phase 2 Clinical Team. AIDS. 1998;12:F203-9.
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• Satchell CS, O'Halloran JA, Cotter AG, et al. Increased platelet reactivity in HIV-1-infected patients receiving abacavir-containing antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis. 2011;204:1202-10.
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• Sax PE, Tierney C, Collier AC, et al. Abacavir-lamivudine versus tenofovir-emtricitabine for initial HIV-1 therapy. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2230-40.
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• Sax PE, Tierney C, Collier AC, et al. Abacavir/lamivudine versus tenofovir DF/emtricitabine as part of combination regimens for initial treatment of HIV: final results. J Infect Dis. 2011;204:1191-201.
  [PubMed Abstract]
• Schalkwijk S, Colbers A, Konopnicki D, et al. The pharmacokinetics of abacavir 600 mg once daily in HIV-1-positive pregnant women. AIDS. 2016;30:1239-44.
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• Shlay JC, Sharma S, Peng G, Gibert CL, Grunfeld C. Long-term subcutaneous tissue changes among antiretroviral-naive persons initiating stavudine, zidovudine, or abacavir with lamivudine. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008;48:53-62.
  [PubMed Abstract]
• Smit C, Arends J, Peters L, et al. Effect of abacavir on sustained virologic response to HCV treatment in HIV/HCV co-infected patients, Cohere in Eurocoord. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:498.
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• Smith KY, Patel P, Fine D, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-matched, multicenter trial of abacavir/lamivudine or tenofovir/emtricitabine with lopinavir/ritonavir for initial HIV treatment. AIDS. 2009;23:1547-56.
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• Smith KY, Tierney C, Mollan K, et al. Outcomes by sex following treatment initiation with atazanavir plus ritonavir or efavirenz with abacavir/lamivudine or tenofovir/emtricitabine. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;58:555-63.
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• Stekler J, Maenza J, Stevens C, et al. Abacavir hypersensitivity reaction in primary HIV infection. AIDS. 2006;20:1269-74.
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• Symonds W, Cutrell A, Edwards M, et al. Risk factor analysis of hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir. Clin Ther. 2002;24:565-73.
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• Tebas P, Zhang J, Hafner R, et al. Peripheral and visceral fat changes following a treatment switch to a non-thymidine analogue or a nucleoside-sparing regimen in HIV-infected subjects with peripheral lipoatrophy: results of ACTG A5110. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009;63:998-1005.
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• Trevillyan JM, Arthur JF, Jing J, Andrews RK, Gardiner EE, Hoy JF. Effects of abacavir administration on structural and functional markers of platelet activation. AIDS. 2015;29:2309-13.
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• Vannappagari V, Koram N, Albano J, Tilson H, Gee C. Abacavir and lamivudine exposures during pregnancy and non-defect adverse pregnancy outcomes: data from the antiretroviral pregnancy registry. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015;68:359-64.
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• Walensky RP, Goldberg JH, Daily JP. Anaphylaxis after rechallenge with abacavir. AIDS. 1999;28:999-1000.
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• Walmsley SL, Antela A, Clumeck N, et al. Dolutegravir plus abacavir-lamivudine for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1807-18.
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• Wilkinson JD, Williams PL, Leister E, et al. Cardiac biomarkers in HIV-exposed uninfected children. AIDS. 2013;27:1099-108.
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• Wit FWNM, Wood R, Horban A, et al. Prednisolone does not prevent hypersensitivity reactions in antiretroviral drug regimens containing abacavir with or without nevirapine. AIDS. 2001;15:2423-9.
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• Wohl DA, Arnoczy G, Fichtenbaum CJ, et al. Comparison of cardiovascular disease risk markers in HIV-infected patients receiving abacavir and tenofovir: the nucleoside inflammation, coagulation and endothelial function (NICE) study. Antivir Ther. 2014;19:141-7.
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• Wohl DA, Bhatti L, Small CB, et al. The ASSURE study: HIV-1 suppression is maintained with bone and renal biomarker improvement 48 weeks after ritonavir discontinuation and randomized switch to abacavir/lamivudine + atazanavir. HIV Med. 2016;17:106-17.
  [PubMed Abstract]
• Young B, Squires K, Patel P, et al. First large, multicenter, open-label study utilizing HLA-B*5701 screening for abacavir hypersensitivity in North America. AIDS. 2008;22:1673-5.
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• Young J, Xiao Y, Moodie EE, et al. Effect of Cumulating Exposure to Abacavir on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events in Patients From the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015;69:413-21.
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